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How to calculate compound interest in Excel

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To calculate compound interest in Excel, you can use the FV function.

Case study: This example assumes that $1000 is invested for 10 years at an annual interest rate of 5%, compounded monthly.

Formula

=FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv)

Explanation

In the example shown, the formula in C10 is:

Worked Example:   FV function: Description, Usage, Syntax, Examples and Explanation
=FV(C6/C8,C7*C8,0,-C5)

How this formula works

The FV function can calculate compound interest and return the future value of an investment. To configure the function, we need to provide a rate, the number of periods, the periodic payment, the present value.

Worked Example:   PMT, RATE, NPER, PV and FV Financial Functions in Excel

To get the rate (which is the period rate) we use the annual rate / periods, or C6/C8.

To get the number of periods (nper) we use term * periods, or C7 * C8.

There is no periodic payment, so we use zero.

Worked Example:   How to calculate annual compound interest schedule in Excel

By convention, the present value (pv) is input as a negative value, since the $1000  “leaves your wallet” and goes to the bank during the term.

The solution goes like this this:

=FV(C6/C8,C7*C8,0,-C5)
=FV(0.05/12,10*12,0,-1000)
=FV(0.00417,120,0,-1000)
=1647

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